Phonics is one method of teaching children how to read. Children are taught how to "sound out" new words by learning the following items:
- Consonant letters sounds: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z
- Blend sounds: br, cr, dr, fr, gr, pr, tr, wr, bl, cl, fl, gl, pl, sl, scr, str, sm, sn, sp, sc, sk,
- Short vowel sounds: a, e, i, o, u
Always teach short vowel sounds first: a - apple, e - elephant, i- igloo, o - octopus, u - umbrella) - Digraph sounds: sh, ch, th, wh
Two letters combine to make a totally different sound. - Double vowel sounds: ai, ea, ee, oa
These pairs say the name of the first vowel. - Other double vowel sounds: oi, oo, ou, ow
- Silent e: Silent e is bossy, it doesn't say anything but makes the vowel before it say its own name.
- R controlled vowel sounds: ar, er, ir, or, ur
Notice that er,ir and ur make the same sound.
QQ Phonics is a series of rules that children have to memorize and apply when they are sounding out new words. Children are taught a rule, i.e. Silent e, and then they practice reading words with Silent e. Then children do skill sheets at their desk highlighting the Silent e rule. Children must learn letter sounds to an automatic level - they must be able to see the letter(s) and say the sound immediately.
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